Bill of Materials and Cost Estimate Sample Essay Example for Free

Bill of Materials and Cost Estimate Sample Essay Total: 201,810 Pesos| B. FOOTINGS, COLUMNS AND BEAMS Item Description| Quantity| Unit| Unit Cost (Pesos)| Total Cost| 1. Albay Sand| 71| m3| 380| 26,980| 2. Coarse Aggregate| 141| m3| 850| 119,850| 3. Portland CementAlbay Sand| very small| m3| | | 20. Portland Cement| 1| pc| 230| 230| 21. Labor Cost (30%)| | | | 42,117| 22. Indirect Cost (10%)| | | | 14,039| Total: 196,542 Pesos| K. ELECTRICAL WORKS Item Description| Quantity| Unit| Unit Cost (Pesos)| Total Cost| 1. Panel Board Main | 1| unit| 3,500| 3,500| 2. 4† Electrical Tape| 3| pcs| 25| 75| 3. Wall Lamp| 16| pcs| 350| 5,600| 4. Triple Switch| 3| pcs| 200| 600| 5. Single Switch| 11| pcs| 150| 1,650| 6. Convenience Outlet| 20| pcs| 150| 3,000| . 20 mm dia. UPVC x 3 m| 10| pcs| 120| 1,200| 8. 25 mm dia. UPVC x 3 m| 3| pcs| 150| 450| 9. 30 mm dia. UPVC x 3 m| 10| pcs| 180| 1,800| 10. 32 mm dia. UPVC x 3 m| 3| pcs| 210| 630| 11. 22 mm2 THHN wire| 1| box| 1,500| 1,500| 12. 3. 5 mm2 THHN wire| 5| box| 1,300| 6,500| 13. 5. 5 mm2 THHN wire| 6| Box| 1,200| 7,200| 14. Labor Cost (30%)| | | | 10,112| 15. Indirect Cost (10%)| | | | 3,371| Total: 47,187 Pesos| L. SUMMATION OF COSTS Item Description| Cost| 1. Site Works | 201,810 Pesos| . Footings, Columns and Beams| 1,469,440 Pesos| 3. Slabs| 458,481 Pesos| 4. 6† CHB Wall| 363,420 Pesos| 5. Ceiling| 301,386 Pesos| 6. Windows| 52,500 Pesos| 7. Doors| 107,100 Pesos| 8. Painting| 248,634 Pesos| 9. Forms and Scaffoldings| 602,778 Pesos| 10. Sanitary Works| 196,542 Pesos| 11. Electrical Works| 47,187 Pesos| 12. 20% Profit| 809,856 Pesos| 13. 10% Legal Expenses| 404,928 Pesos| Total Project Cost: 5,264,062 Pesos Say 5. 27 Million Pesos | The Estimated Cost of the Project: 5,270,000 Pesos

Shakespeare And Catholicism Essay -- essays research papers

By researching the life and writings of William Shakespeare, it can be shown that many Christian values and beliefs are displayed through his literary works. In order to understand the religious content in Shakespeare's work it is helpful to first understand what the religious environment in England was like around Shakespeare's time. England, ever since it was ruled by the Romans, had been a Catholic nation. Before Shakespeare's lifetime, a drastic change occurred that completely upended the existing Catholicism of the English people. During King Henry VIII's reign, the English people were, for the most part, content with Catholicism. Through a series of very complex political maneuvers, Henry eventually seized power of the English church. The benefits of this control were enormous for the state. First of all, Henry obtained his divorce from his first wife. Second, the state received the tithes and taxes from church property, thus making the break very profitable for the state. Finally, with the closing of all of the monasteries, England gained large tracts of land to sell to land owners and tax heavily. The break with the Church of Rome, on the other hand, was not welcomed by the people. Through various laws and ordinances the monarchy effectively closed down the Catholic church in England, but this did not stop the people from being loyal to Catholicism in their hearts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the effects of the break from Rome was the welcoming of an English translation of the Bible. One of the first English translations of the Bible was written by William Tyndale. Known as Cranmer's Bible or the Great Bible, this Bible along with the Geneva Bible would have been the two translations used widely during Shakespeare's lifetime (Milward 85). With the invention of the printing press before this time, the Bible was becoming a household item. Access to Scripture was at it highest point in history to that time. The accessibility of the Bible greatly impacted the work of Shakespeare because he had such a resource at his disposal. Along with these two translations of Scripture already available to Shakespeare came a new translation authorized by King James I. Today this translation is known as the King James Authorized Version (Milward 86). At this point in time, the climate was right for Shakespeare to learn a great deal about Christianity direct... ...gedy with a good ending, making the eventual happiness found better appreciated. In conclusion, Shakespeare's plays ranged from light-hearted comedies to gut-wrenching tragedies. Characters of the highest character as well as the most immoral persons to grace the stage appeared in his works. The scope of Shakespeare's work seemed to cover almost all aspects of life. Through all of these tales, the theme that occurred consistently was the spiritual longing of every individual for love (Knight 69). Shakespeare's plays move from a hope in political salvation to a desire for spiritual salvation, just like the Bible does. All of his plays end with some hope that life will go on and things will get better, just as Christianity hopes for a perfect world to come. His works emphasized the common beliefs of both sects of Christianity as well as some distinctly Catholic ones. This in no way makes Shakespeare a Christian or, more specifically, a Catholic. At its most fundamental point it does mean that Shakespeare had knowledge of the Bible and the Christian religion. The bizarre religious circumstances of Shakespeare's world played a large role in molding his works into what they became. Shakespeare And Catholicism Essay -- essays research papers By researching the life and writings of William Shakespeare, it can be shown that many Christian values and beliefs are displayed through his literary works. In order to understand the religious content in Shakespeare's work it is helpful to first understand what the religious environment in England was like around Shakespeare's time. England, ever since it was ruled by the Romans, had been a Catholic nation. Before Shakespeare's lifetime, a drastic change occurred that completely upended the existing Catholicism of the English people. During King Henry VIII's reign, the English people were, for the most part, content with Catholicism. Through a series of very complex political maneuvers, Henry eventually seized power of the English church. The benefits of this control were enormous for the state. First of all, Henry obtained his divorce from his first wife. Second, the state received the tithes and taxes from church property, thus making the break very profitable for the state. Finally, with the closing of all of the monasteries, England gained large tracts of land to sell to land owners and tax heavily. The break with the Church of Rome, on the other hand, was not welcomed by the people. Through various laws and ordinances the monarchy effectively closed down the Catholic church in England, but this did not stop the people from being loyal to Catholicism in their hearts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the effects of the break from Rome was the welcoming of an English translation of the Bible. One of the first English translations of the Bible was written by William Tyndale. Known as Cranmer's Bible or the Great Bible, this Bible along with the Geneva Bible would have been the two translations used widely during Shakespeare's lifetime (Milward 85). With the invention of the printing press before this time, the Bible was becoming a household item. Access to Scripture was at it highest point in history to that time. The accessibility of the Bible greatly impacted the work of Shakespeare because he had such a resource at his disposal. Along with these two translations of Scripture already available to Shakespeare came a new translation authorized by King James I. Today this translation is known as the King James Authorized Version (Milward 86). At this point in time, the climate was right for Shakespeare to learn a great deal about Christianity direct... ...gedy with a good ending, making the eventual happiness found better appreciated. In conclusion, Shakespeare's plays ranged from light-hearted comedies to gut-wrenching tragedies. Characters of the highest character as well as the most immoral persons to grace the stage appeared in his works. The scope of Shakespeare's work seemed to cover almost all aspects of life. Through all of these tales, the theme that occurred consistently was the spiritual longing of every individual for love (Knight 69). Shakespeare's plays move from a hope in political salvation to a desire for spiritual salvation, just like the Bible does. All of his plays end with some hope that life will go on and things will get better, just as Christianity hopes for a perfect world to come. His works emphasized the common beliefs of both sects of Christianity as well as some distinctly Catholic ones. This in no way makes Shakespeare a Christian or, more specifically, a Catholic. At its most fundamental point it does mean that Shakespeare had knowledge of the Bible and the Christian religion. The bizarre religious circumstances of Shakespeare's world played a large role in molding his works into what they became.

Grace Nichols comes from Guyana and Hugh Boatswain from the Caribbean Essay

Writers who came from over seas write the two poems that I have been asked to analyse. Grace Nichols comes from Guyana and Hugh Boatswain from the Caribbean. The poems deal with identical themes, a man who has immigrated to Britain from the Caribbean, and must learn to adapt to a new life and culture. Both men suffer a sense of loss for their past, but in Hugh Boatswains poem ‘Old Father’, the central character tries to forget about his earlier life. Hugh Boatswain writes the poem ‘Old Father’ in a Caribbean dialect. It is a narrative poem, which tells the story of old father’s arrival in Britain. At first old father is very unhappy, we can see this in the quote. â€Å"Man, a takkin’ ‘de nex’ boat back home.† The writer is trying to show the reader that old father is thinking of taking the next boat back home. At this point in the poem old father still uses Caribbean dialect. I think that the use of the word â€Å"home† tells the reader the old father wants to go home. Later as he forgets about his past and rejects his earlier culture. Old father is trying to ignore his heritage and trying to become English. We can see that old father rejects his earlier culture when he makes jokes about his people to the white people, we can see this in the quote. â€Å"tut tut†, he would say, â€Å"isn’t it disgusting how they make a spectacle of themselves.† The poem is divided into four stanzas. The writer uses alliteration and assonance, to give the poem a rhythmical sound. Assonance is where the vowels sound the same in a line, for example in this quote. â€Å"make him bawl in his small basement room.† Boatswain also uses alliteration when he repeats ‘b’ consonants. We can see alliteration in this quote. â€Å"Bouncing down the road with a blond.† We can also see the writer using personification in the quote. â€Å"Cold bite him hard.† The poem gives a lot of detail about old father’s life and now he changes to adapt to his new life. He changes his appearance by straightening his hair and ignoring his old friends. The writer is quite critical about old father, he sees him as betraying his identity. ‘Island Man’ written by Grace Nichols is an imagist poem. The writer gives images or ‘pictures’ of the man’s dreams rather then telling his story directly to the reader. The poem is written in free verse, without rhythm. However, the writer uses alliteration in the phrases. â€Å"Sun Surfacing† â€Å"heaves himself† Nichols also repeats word, we can see this in the quote. â€Å"groggily groggily† â€Å"muffling muffling† Which describes the man waking up. The repetition helps to emphasise the emotions of the man. The poem is divided into the man’s dreams of the Island and his waking life in London. The writer uses enjambment, which means that each line flows into the next. We can see an example of enjambment in the quote. â€Å"Morning and Island man wakes up† This gives the language in this poem a rhythmical pattern like wave on a beach. The use of colours is very important in this poem. The dream Island is â€Å"blue surf† and â€Å"small emerald Island†. In contrast London is â€Å"grey metallic soar†. By reading and analysing the two poems â€Å"Old Father† and â€Å"Island Man† I have come to a conclusion that I think that the poem â€Å"Old Father† is better in the sense of language and themes. I enjoyed reading the poem â€Å"Old Father† more because the writer has used a large range of language skills. It also shows the use of Caribbean dialect, and the way the writer has structured out the poem.

The Word Assimilation - 785 Words

The word assimilation has many different meanings. Its interpretations range from the digesting of nutrients to the transfer of similar sounds. However, when sifting through the various definitions of assimilation, there is one concept that always seems to stand out. No matter what the source is or how it’s worded, there is almost always a reference to cultural groups. Whether it’s the acceptance of a group or the alteration of it, the customs of contrasting cultures continuously come up. One such definition, according to the AudioEnglish.org dictionary, based on WordNet 2.1 and supported by Princeton University, states assimilation is â€Å"the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another.† Kristyn Hammond, a college composition professor in the Texas AM school system, describes in her eHow article Types of Assimilation, published on September 06, 2014, that as cultures mix and evolve, there is a â€Å"transition of cultural traits, language acquisition and cultural identities from each group to the other.† AudioEnlgish.org also relates terms such as Americanization and Westernization to assimilation, but unfortunately, these processes aren’t always as harmonious as the definition suggests. Hammond states later in her article that, â€Å"While assimilation can be a brutal and violent condition of forced integration, it can also be a peaceful combination of cultures.† Unfortunately, in the American experience, there are more examples of oppressive enterprisesShow MoreRelatedVariation Of Duration And Fundamental Frequency1153 Words   |  5 PagesVariation in duration and fundamental frequency and assimilation in different segmental contexts This paper will examine two things. The first is the way duration and fundamental frequency vary according to phrasal position. The second is how F2 transitions for /d/ and /g/ change according to adjacent segmental context. From this, I will determine whether categorical assimilation has occurred in fad bag and fag bag. 1. Introduction 1.1 Duration Much research has been carried out concerning theRead MoreAnalysis Of The F Word By Firoozeh Dumas1736 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The F Word† written by Firoozeh Dumas, describes the struggles of an Iranian immigrant that tries to assimilate and feel accepted in the American society. The excerpt is about not feeling comfortable in using her Farsi name and the negative attitudes she receives while using it. Duma’s shows the Americans’ intolerance towards immigrants such as herself. In â€Å"The F Word,† Firoozeh Dumas suggests that stereotypical treatment and close-mindedness towards immigrants hinders assimilation through theRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1385 Words   |  6 PagesPluralism, Acculturation and Assimilation in Amy Tan s The Joy Luck Club Mona A. M. Ahmed Zagazig University, Egypt The purpose of this paper is to investigate pluralism, acculturation and assimilation in Amy Tan s novel The Joy Luck Club (1989), a finalist for the National Award, and a recipient of the 1990 Bay Area Book Reviewers award for fiction. Amy Tan (1952- ) is a Chinese American novelist; she isRead MoreThe Expectation For Duration Of The Rhyme1484 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, for the sounds with a positive VOT, there seems to be a higher fundamental frequency in phrase-medial position than in phrase-final position. 3.3 Assimilation For this parameter, there were two different theories. On the one hand, the theory of categorical change of place features, while the other one describes assimilation without change to phonological features. When there is a change of place features, we expect there to be a falling contour of the F2, because the /d/ and /g/ inRead MoreThe Disappearance Of The Roanoke Island Colony1214 Words   |  5 Pagesreturned to find the settlement abandon. The only remaining clue was the word â€Å"CROATOAN† carved into a fence post and the letters â€Å"CRO† etched into a nearby tree. Several diverse theories have been suggested to explain the disappearance of the 120 missing colonist, ranging from disease to natural disaster. Any evidence supporting the various theories is weak, at best. However, the clues left behind point to the assimilation theory which proposes the colonists integrated with the natives, as the CroatoanRead MoreSocial, Economic, And Political Pressures982 Words   |  4 Pagesall the time, to you it is just common phrase. A hundred years ago, however, if one was to say this, others would have no idea where it came from or what it means. Through migration and interaction with Spanish speakers we have learned now common words and include them in our casual everyday language. Examples are â€Å"Hola!†, â€Å"Adios!†, â€Å"Te amo†, and etc. Linguists believe a major agent of change is due to children. Children hear the language their parents speak and start to internalize it in a differentRead MoreTeaching English As A Second Language Successfully By An Esl Teacher1091 Words   |  5 Pagesthe teacher needs to design a curriculum that includes various kinds of know ledge based on students’ levels. For students who just started to learn English, the curriculum might focus on developing students’ abilities in decoding words and teach them how to spell words. For middle school students, I might offer more reading and writing activities and help them develop their vocabulary. Also, the teacher had better use various kinds of scaffolding strategies in the class to accommodate the needs ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Immigration Has Been On The Forefront Major Debates1684 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout America’s history, the issue of immigration has been on the forefront major debates. Immigration is among one of the most stimulating topics of discussion. Often when discussing immigration the question of assimilation also arises and whether or not immigrants are truly doing so. Since the beginning of this country, immigrants and even natives of the land have been pressured to assimilate to â€Å"American† Culture and to commi t to its standards. When a group of people fail to assimilate toRead MoreAboriginal Identity In Joseph Boydens Three Day Road1316 Words   |  6 Pagesallowing one to fully immerse themself into the excruciating experiences the three main characters are forced to endure. Assimilation and discrimination are seen to radiate towards each Aboriginal character no matter their effort to avoid it. These stories, told by Xavier Bird, Elijah Weesageechak and Niska, all provide intelligible proof as to how discrimination and assimilation shape Aboriginal identity through the deterioration of self-confidence and the loss of individuality. Endless discriminationRead MoreAn Analysis of Objective and Style in Bains Hyphen and Bissoondaths Illusions1253 Words   |  5 PagesAnurita Bains Riding the Hyphen and Neil Bissoondaths Selling Illusions stake diametrically opposed viewpoints: Bains essay derides assimilation (using her own experiences as a Punjabi girl growing up in Canada as a point of emphasis); Bissoondaths essay opposes multiculturalism. The uncritical reader might suggest that one must either be pro-assimilation or pro-multiculturalism and that both writers are representing a side. And yet neither writer actually advocates anything other than being